INVITATION
Invitation is semothing to invite people or organization to come an event.
Here are some of the western ways of like.
1. Suppose you are invited to an event. Its very important to call or drop a note letting the host
Know that you will attend.
2. Don’t be afraid of hurting someone’s by respon diry “ no “ to an invitation.
3. Suppose you get an invitation For a dinner Party. Don’t come tate, Arrive Withing to is minutes
after the time on the Invitation.
4. When a person invites pays for it this rule applies for both man and woman.
Example Of Invitation ;
ð Please come inside
ð Thank you/thanks
ð Would you came to my sister’s party tomorrow?
ð Sure, I will
ð I would not say no
ð I’m afraid, I cant
ð I like that
ð That sounds like fun
ð A : Do you want to come in my party, Do?
B : I would not say no?
ð A : It start at 07.00 a.m. Ok !!!
B : Ok…? ^-^
APPOINTMENT
Appointment adalah membuat janji, tetapi Perjanjian Itu bias ditolak, diterima, atau diubah.
1.) Making appointment
=> could we went meet today?
=> I cant cOme and see you?
=> Do you want to join me to go to market?
2.) Accepting an appointment ( example )
=> No problem, I’m Free on ( tomorrow )
=> Be three on time
=> Alright. . . I’m in free time now
3.) Canceling an appointment ( example )
=> I’m sorry, I’m very bussy
=>I’m afraid I have to past my appointment with. . . tomorrow merning.
4.) Changing an appointment ( example )
=> What about. . . ( Monday at 06.00 a.m )
=> Do you have another time this afternoon !!!
LISTENING
Hearing (or audition) is one of the traditional five senses. It is the ability to perceive sound by detecting vibrations via an organ such as the ear. The inability to hear is called deafness.
In humans and other vertebrates, hearing is performed primarily by the auditory system: vibrations are detected by the ear and transduced into nerve impulses that are perceived by the brain (primarily in the temporal lobe). Like touch, audition requires sensitivity to the movement of molecules in the world outside the organism. Both hearing and touch are types of
Hearing can be measured by behavioral tests using an audiometer. Electrophysiological tests of hearing can provide accurate measurements of hearing thresholds even in unconscious subjects. Such tests include auditory brainstem evoked potentials (ABR), otoacoustic emissions (OAE) and electrocochleography (EchoG). Technical advances in these tests have allowed hearing screening for infants to become widespread.
Hearing threshold and the ability to localize sound sources are reduced underwater, in which the speed of sound is faster than in air. Underwater hearing is by bone conduction, and localization of sound appears to depend on differences in amplitude detected by bone conduction.[2]
Not all sounds are normally audible to all animals. Each species has a range of normal hearing for both loudness (amplitude) and pitch (frequency). Many animals use sound to communicate with each other, and hearing in these species is particularly important for survival and reproduction. In species that use sound as a primary means of communication, hearing is typically most acute for the range of pitches produced in calls and speech.
READING
Reading (process) is the human cognitive process of decoding symbols or syntax for the purpose of deriving meaning (reading comprehension) or constructing meaning. (pronounced "reeding").
* 1 Activity
* 2 Places
o 2.1
o 2.2
* 3 People
o 3.1 Titles
* 4 Other
* 5 See also
* Cold reading (theatrical), an audition without rehearsal
* Cold reading, a method of feigning divination applied by confidence tricksters and diviners
* Divination, the attempt to ascertain information by interpretation of omens or an alleged
supernatural agency, may be referred to as a reading
* Hot reading, a method comparable to cold readings except that more active means of
gathering information about the sitter are employed
* Lip reading, the technique of understanding speech by visually interpreting the movements of
the lips, face and tongue with information provided by the context, language, and any residual hearing.
WRITING
Writing, more particularly, refers to two things: writing as a noun, the thing that is written; and writing as a verb, which designates the activity of writing. It refers to the inscription of characters on a medium, thereby forming words, and larger units of language, known as texts. It also refers to the creation of meaning and the information thereby generated. In that regard, linguistics (and related sciences) distinguishes between the written language and the spoken language. The significance of the medium by which meaning and information is conveyed is indicated by the distinction made in the arts and sciences. For example, while public speaking and poetry reading are both types of speech, the former is governed by the rules of rhetoric and the latter by poetics.
Writing is also a distinctly human activity. It has been said that a monkey, randomly typing away on a typewriter (in the days when typewriters replaced the pen or plume as the preferred instrument of writing) could re-create Shakespeare-- but only if it lived long enough (this is known as the infinite monkey theorem). Such writing has been speculatively designated as coincidental. It is also speculated that extraterrestrial beings exist who may possess knowledge of writing. At this point in time, the only confirmed writing in existence is of human origin.[citation needed]
"Write" redirects here. For other uses, see Write (disambiguation).
This article is semi-protected indefinitely in response to an ongoing high risk of vandalism.
Illustration of a scribe writing.
SPEAKING
Dell Hathaway Hymes (born June 7, 1927 in Portland, Oregon) is a sociolinguist, anthropologist, and folklorist whose work has dealt primarily with languages of the Pacific Northwest. He was one of the first to call the fourth subfield of anthropology "linguistic anthropology" instead of "anthropological linguistics." The terminological shift draws attention to the field's grounding in anthropology rather than in what by that time was already become an autonomous discipline (linguistics).
He was educated at Reed College, studying under David H. French, and graduated in 1950 after a stint in pre-war Korea. His work in the Army as a decoder is part of what influenced him to become a linguist. Hymes earned his Ph.D. from Indiana University in 1955,[1] and took a job at Harvard University.
Even at that young age, Hymes had a reputation as a strong linguist; his dissertation, completed in one year, was a grammar of the Kathlamet language spoken near the mouth of the Columbia and known primarily from Franz Boas’s work at the end of the 19th century.
He has been President of the Linguistic Society of America in 1982, the American Anthropological Association in 1983, and the American Folklore Society - the last person to have held all three positions. While at Penn, Hymes was a founder of the journal Language in Society. Hymes later joined the Departments of Anthropology and English at the University of Virginia, where he became the Commonwealth Professor of Anthropology and English, and from which he retired in 2000. He is now emeritus faculty.
VOCABS
"Focal vocabulary" is a specialized set of terms and distinctions that is particularly important to a certain group; those with particular focuses of experience or activity. A lexicon, or vocabulary, is a language's dictionary, its set of names for things, events, and ideas. Some linguists believe that lexicon influences people's perception on things, the Sapir–Whorf hypothesis. For example, the Nuer of
In first grade, an advantaged student (i.e. a literate student) knows about twice as many words as a disadvantaged student. Generally, this gap does not tighten. This translates into a wide range of vocabulary size by age five or six, at which time an English-speaking child will know about 2,500–5,000 words. An average student learns some 3,000 words per year, or approximately eight words per day.[6]
Even if we learn a word, it takes a lot of practice and context connections for us to learn it well. A rough grouping of words we understand when we hear them encompasses our "passive" vocabulary, whereas our "active" vocabulary is made up of words that come to our mind immediately when we have to use them in a sentence, as we speak. In this case, we often have to come up with a word in the timeframe of milliseconds, so one has to know it well, often in combinations with other words in phrases, where it is commonly used.
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